The Richter scale measures the wave hight or amplitude of an earthquake.
A denser plate slides under a less dense plate and plate material is melted at a convergent plate boundary.
When two plates move apart, a rift forms.
Lava erupts through an opening in Earth's crust called a vent.
During physical weathering, minerals remain chemically unchanged.
The greenhouse effect is the natural heating of Earth's surface caused by certain gases in the atmosphere.
A tornado is usually less than 200 meters in diameter.
A red shift in the spectrum of the light from an object indicated the object is moving away from you.
The sun produces energy by forming helium in its core.
The Big Band theory of the formation and expansion of the universe is supported by the observed red shift.
Formulas
V = d / t
A = (Vf - Vi) / t
t = (Vf-Vi) / a
F = m x a
W = m x g
W = F x d
P = W / t
KE = 1/2 m x v2
m = (2KE) / v2
GPE = m x g x h
m = PE / mg
h = PE / mg
V = Velocity (m/s) d = distance (m) t = time (s) a = acceleration (m/s2) F = Force (N) m = mass (kg) w = weight (N) g = gravity = 9.8 m/s2 W = Work (J) P = Power (W = Watts) KE = Kinetic Energy (J) v2 = volume squared GPE = Potential Energy (J) h = height (m)